Political Science 2025 Previous Year Paper

Q1. No single party secured a clear majority in the Lok Sabha elections during the period 1989 to 2014, and governments were formed at the centre with the support of regional parties. This was an era of
(A) Coalition Governments
(B) Issues-based Politics
(C) Mandal-Mandir-Market Politics
(D) Interim Governments

Q2.The Supreme Court of India in a famous judgement ruled that there are some basic features of the Constitution and the Parliament cannot amend these features. Identify the case.
(A) Shah Bano Case
(B) Golaknath Case
(C) Kesavananda Bharati Case
(D) Raj Narain Case

Q3.Which of the following statements are not correct about the goals of nation building in an independent India?
(A) A democratic system of government had to be established
(B) India should militarise rapidly because of the Cold War.
(C) Effective policies for economic development and the eradication of poverty had to be evolved
(D) Linguistic and religious diversity needed to be eliminated for building a united India.
(E) The government had to work towards the welfare of all, particularly the poor and socially disadvantaged groups.
(A) (A) and (D) only
(B) (B) and (E) only
(C) (B) and (D) only
(D) (C) and (A) only

Q4. Which of the following leaders was the Prime Minister of India during both terms of NDA Government from May 1998 to June 1999 and October 1999 to May 2004?
(A) Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(B) P.V. Narsimha Rao
(C) H.D. Deve Gowda
(D) V.P. Singh

Q5.During Lal Bahadur Shastri's Prime Ministership, the country faced two major challenges. What were those challenges?
(A) Economic crisis and domestic unrest
(B) Food crisis and threat of Cross border terrorism
(C) Liberation of Bangladesh and failed monsoon
(D) Economic crisis due to war with China and war with Pakistan in 1965.

Q6. Chronologically arrange the following countries joining European Union:
(A) Poland
(B) Croatia
(C) Finland
(D) Romania
(A) (D), (B), (C), (A)
(B) (C), (A), (D), (B)
(C) (C), (B), (A), (D)
(D) (B), (A), (D), (C)

Q7.Which of the following came into existence under the "Atoms for Peace" proposal?
(A) Amnesty International (AI)
(B) Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)
(C) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
(D) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Q8.Which of the following statements are correct about international organisations?
(A) International organisations are not the solution to every global problem, but they play a significant role.
(B) International organisations help states to cooperate with each other to improve the living conditions of their citizens.
(C) International organisations help states to resolve their problems peacefully.
(D) International organisations emerge naturally.
(A) (A), (B) and (D) only
(B) (A), (B) and (C) only
(C) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only

Q9. Which Baltic Republic became a member of the United Nations in September 1991?
(A) Georgia
(B) Ukraine

(C) Lithuania
(D) Moldova

Q10. Which of the following regional organisations was established in 1985 by South Asian states to promote multilateral cooperation?
(A) ASEAN
(B) AU
(C) EU
(D) SAARC

Q11. Which of the following arguments was advanced by Ram Manohar Lohia in defense of the term 'Non-Congressism'?
(A) Congress rule was undemocratic and against the interests of ordinary poor people; Non-Congress parties needed to come together to reclaim democracy for the people.
(B) Congress rule was democratic and was in the interests of ordinary poor people.
(C) Coming together of the non-Congress parties would not defeat the Congress party in elections.
(D) Congress rule could only be overthrown by extra-constitutional means.

Q12.The debates on 'Common but differentiated responsibilities' at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 are–
(A) The industrialised countries are mainly responsible for the environmental crises and must take more responsibility for undoing the damage.
(B) Environmental restrictions must be applied to all countries equally.
(C) Developing countries should be entirely exempt from restrictions related to environmental protection.
(D) All the countries of the world are equally responsible for the current environmental crises.
(A) (A) and (D) only
(B) (A) and (C) only
(C) (C) and (D) only
(D) (B) and (D) only

Q13. Arrange the following events related to environmental concerns/arguments in chronological order:
(A) Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro
(B) Brundtland Report titled 'Our Common Future'
(C) Antarctic Treaty
(D) Antarctic Environmental Protocol
(A) (B), (C), (A), (D)
(B) (D), (B), (A), (C)
(C) (C), (B), (D), (A)
(D) (C), (A), (D), (B)

Q14. What is the World Social Forum?
(A) Forum for promoting inclusive globalisation
(B) Forum for social networking in the age of internet
(C) Forum for human rights activists, environmentalists and social movements opposed to neoliberal globalisation

(D) Forum for preventing outbreak of military conflicts

Q15. Which of the following countries was accepted as the successor state of the Soviet Union?
(A) Lithuania
(B) Latvia
(C) Belarus
(D) Russia

Q16. Consider the following statements about insurgency in Punjab:
(A) Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi initiated a dialogue with moderate Akali leaders in 1984.
(B) In December 1984, President's Rule was imposed on Punjab.
(C) The Rajiv Gandhi - Longowal Accord or the Punjab Accord, signed in July 1985, was a step towards restoring normalcy.
(D) As part of this accord, it was agreed that Chandigarh would be transferred to Punjab, a commission appointed to resolve the border dispute between Punjab and Haryana, and a tribunal set up to decide the sharing of Ravi-Beas river water among Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
(A) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
(B) (A), (C) and (D) only
(C) (A), (B) and (D) only
(D) (C) and (D) only

Q17.The model of transition from a socialist system to a capitalist system in Russia, Central Asia and East Europe, advocated by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) after the collapse of the Soviet Union is known as
(A) Regional Integration Therapy
(B) Marshall Plan
(C) Structural Adjustment Policy
(D) Shock Therapy

Q18.Who was the President of the Congress Party at the time of Nehru's demise?
(A) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(B) N. Sanjeeva Reddy
(C) K. Kamraj
(D) S. K. Patil

Q19. Who among the following advanced the 'Two-Nation Theory'?
(A) Hindu Mahasabha
(B) Muslim League
(C) Pakistan Peoples' Party
(D) Indian National Congress

Q20.How many members were elected to the Lok Sabha in the First General Election of independent India?
(A) 456
(B) 489
(C) 502
(D) 542

Q21. Match List-I with List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (II), (B) (I), (C) (IV), (D) (III)
(B) (I), (B) (III), (C) (II), (D) (IV)
(C) (II), (B) (IV), (C) (I), (D) (III)
(D) (IV), (B) (III), (C) (I), (D) (II)

Q22.In early 1990s, which of the following two alternative centers of political and economic power could limit USA's dominance?
(A) European Union (EU) and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
(B) African Union (AU) and Organisation of Central Asian Republics (OCAR)
(C) BRICS and Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
(D) South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) and European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

Q23. Who was elected by the Janata Party from amongst its leaders to become the Prime Minister of India in 1977?
(A) Morarji Desai
(B) Jayaprakash Narayan
(C) Jagjivan Ram
(D) Charan Singh

Q24.The Planning Commission was replaced by which of the following institutions?
(A) Administrative Reform Commission
(B) National Institution for Transforming India
(C) Inter-State Council
(D) National Development Council

Q25. Under whose leadership was the Dravida Kazhagam (DK) founded?
(A) Bhimrao Ambedkar
(B) Kanshi Ram
(C) E.V. Ramasami Naicker
(D) C. Annadurai

Q26. Which among the following countries was earlier a part of Czechoslovakia?
(A) Slovenia
(B) Slovak Republic
(C) Latvia
(D) Croatia

Q27. Security policy concerned with preventing war is called –
(A) Buffer Zone
(B) Peace keeping
(C) Peace building
(D) Deterrence

Q28. The ruler of which Princely State entered into the Standstill Agreement with the Government of India in November 1947?
(A) Junagarh
(B) Kashmir
(C) Hyderabad
(D) Manipur

Q29. Janata Party government declared its intention to follow 'genuine non-alignment.' It meant that –
(A) The pro-Soviet tilt in India's foreign policy will be corrected.
(B) The pro-Soviet tilt in the foreign policy will be continued.
(C) Janata Party government will enter into bilateral treaties with both USA and USSR.
(D) Janata Party government will take initiatives for restoring better relations with China.

Q30. Consider the following statements about the Indian National Congress:
(A) The Indian National Congress formed government at the center from 1952–1967.
(B) The Congress party had inherited the legacy of the national movement.
(C) It was the only party to have an organization spread all over the country.
(D) The party had a popular and charismatic leader, Jawaharlal Nehru at its helm.
(A) (A), (B) and (D) only
(B) (A), (B) and (C) only
(C) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only

Q31. A 'Khadi Kurta worn over jeans'. This clothing combination is an example of the process called:
(A) Cultural homogenisation
(B) Cultural heterogenisation
(C) McDonaldisation
(D) Westernisation

Q32.When was the Constitution of India signed?
(A) 26 November 1949
(B) 24 January 1950
(C) 26 January 1950
(D) 14 August 1947

Q33. The full form of LTTE is
(A) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
(B) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Equality
(C) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eenadu
(D) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Empowerment

Q34. When and by which government was the Second Backward Classes Commission (Mandal Commission) appointed?
(A) 1969, by the Congress Government
(B) 1990, by the National Front Government
(C) 1978, by the Janata Party Government
(D) 1999, by the National Democratic Alliance Government

Q35. Which among the following statements is correct about the concept of Human Security?
(A) Human Security is a broad concept.
(B) Hunger, disease and natural disasters kill more people than war, genocide and terrorism combined.
(C) 'Freedom from fear' is not a part of the concept of security.
(D) War and terrorism do not constitute a threat to humans.
(A) (A) and (D) only
(B) (B) and (C) only
(C) (B) and (D) only
(D) (A) and (B) only

Q36. He was a prominent leader of the anti-caste movement in India, founder of the Independent Labour Party, a member of the Viceroy's Executive Council during the Second World War, Law Minister in the first Cabinet in independent India, a position from which he resigned in 1951. Identify the person.
(A) Jagjivan Ram
(B) Acharya Narendra Dev
(C) E.V. Ramasami Naicker 'Periyar'
(D) Bhimrao Ambedkar

Q37. Radical changes were made to India's economic policy as part of the Structural Adjustment Programme. What is the other name for this policy and when was it initiated?
(A) New Economic Reforms, 1991
(B) Washington Consensus, 1945
(C) Economic Restructuring Policy, 1989
(D) De-nationalisation Programme, 1992

Q38. A call for nationwide Satyagraha was made on June 25, 1975. Who announced it and in which backdrop?
(A) Morarji Desai, due to the politically controversial appointment of the Chief Justice of India.
(B) Jayaprakash Narayan, demanding the resignation of Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister, following the Allahabad High Court judgment invalidating her election to the Lok Sabha.
(C) Charu Majumdar, following the Naxalbari uprising.
(D) George Fernandes, due to the nationwide Railway Strike.

Q39. Which of the following statements are true for the Sino-India relationship?
(A) Independent India was amongst the first countries to recognise the Communist government established in China after the revolution of 1949.
(B) Panchsheel enunciates the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
(C) Panchsheel was signed by Prime Minister Nehru and Premier Zhou Enlai.
(D) Panchsheel was signed on 21st June 1952.
(A) (A), (B) and (C) only
(B) (A), (B) and (D) only
(C) (B), (C) and (D) only
(D) (A), (B), (C) and (D)

Q40.'Sampoorna Kranti' (Total Revolution) was the slogan of which movement and led by which leader?
(A) Gujarat Students Movement 1974, Morarji Desai
(B) Bihar Students Movement 1974, Jayaprakash Narayan
(C) Quit India Movement 1942, Mahatma Gandhi
(D) The Naxalite Movement 1967, Charu Majumdar

Answer the questions based on the image

Q41.The above logo is of which organization?
(A) World Bank
(B) International Monetary Fund
(C) United Nations
(D) Association of South East Asian Nations

Q42.Which of the following activities is not a focus area of this organisation?
(A) Human development (education, health)
(B) Agriculture and rural development (irrigation, rural services)
(C) Environmental protection (pollution reduction, establishing and enforcing regulations)
(D) Peace Keeping Operations around Globe (Maintaining Global Peace)

Q43. Which country is the second-highest contributor to the United Nations regular Budget?
(A) United States of America
(B) France
(C) China
(D) Germany

Q44.In which year was this organisation established?
(A) 1945
(B) 1947
(C) 1944
(D) 1950

Q45.Which among the following is not a criticism of this organisation?
(A) Setting the economic agenda of the poorer nations
(B) Attaching stringent conditions to its loans
(C) Forcing acceptance of free market reforms
(D) Charging a low rate of interest

Comprehension:
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
Globalisation as a concept fundamentally deals with flows. The crucial element is the 'worldwide interconnectedness' that is created and sustained as a consequence of these constant flows.
Globalisation is a multi-dimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations, and these must be adequately distinguished. It is wrong to assume that globalization has purely economic dimensions, just as it would also be mistaken to assume that it is a purely cultural phenomenon. The impact of globalization is vastly uneven — it affects some societies more than others and some parts of some societies more than others.
In 1991, responding to a financial crisis and to the desire for higher rates of economic growth, India embarked on a programme of economic reforms that has sought increasingly to de-regulate various sectors including trade and foreign investment.
However, it should be noted that globalisation is a very contentious subject and has invited strong criticism all over the globe.

Q46.Which among the following statements is correct about globalisation?
(A) Globalisation is purely an economic phenomenon.
(B) Globalisation is a very contentious subject and has invited strong criticism all over the globe.
(C) Globalisation began in 1991.
(D) Globalisation is the same thing as westernisation.

Q47. ‘McDonaldisation’ is an example of which of the following phenomena?
(A) Political globalisation
(B) Economic globalisation
(C) Cultural homogenisation
(D) Cultural heterogenisation

Q48. Which among the following statements is not correct about globalization?
(A) Globalisation as a concept fundamentally deals with status quo.
(B) Globalisation has only negative consequences.
(C) The impact of globalization is similar for everyone.
(D) Globalisation involves the flow of ideas, capital, commodities and people.
(A) (A), (B) and (D) only
(B) (A), (B) and (C) only
(C) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only

Q49.Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Globalisation may lead to rise of a uniform culture or what is called cultural homogenisation.
Statement (II): While cultural homogenisation is an aspect of globalisation, the same process also generates precisely the opposite effect. It leads to each culture becoming more different and distinctive. This phenomenon is called cultural heterogenisation.
(A) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
(B) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
(C) Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
(D) Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Q50. In which year did India adopt LPG (Liberalisation Privatisation Globalisation)?
(A) 1990
(B) 1991
(C) 1992
(D) 1993