I. Understanding One Nation, One Election (ONOE)

- ONOE is a proposal to synchronise the timeline of all elections in India, encompassing Lok Sabha, state legislative assemblies, and local body elections.

- The objective behind ONOE is to streamline the electoral process, minimise disruptions to governance, and optimise political stability.

II. The Historical Perspective

- Prior to 1967, ONOE was the norm in the country.

- The Law Commission had previously recommended the synchronisation of all elections.

III. Outlining the Key recommendations of the High-Level Committee

- A phased transition is recommended, starting by aligning Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies elections.

- It suggests holding municipal and panchayat elections within 100 days of Lok Sabha and State elections.

- Proposed amendments for simultaneous elections fall outside of Article 368(2), and thus do not require states’ ratification.

- The recommendation also includes creating a single electoral roll and electoral identity cards.

- The committee suggests a constitutional authority of Parliament for ONOE implementation.

IV. Understanding the Benefits and Challenges of Simultaneous Elections

Benefits of Simultaneous Elections:

- Reduction in distraction in governance resulting from recurring elections.

- Addressal of political corruption through substantial reduction in election expenses.

- Leading to cost savings and optimization of electoral infrastructure.

- Offering greater convenience to citizens in voting.

- Better utilisation of law enforcement resources and reduced horse-trading.

Challenges Associated with ONOE:

- To renegotiate the constitutional framework to accommodate mid-tenure collapse of governments.

- Addressing logistical concerns associated with the implementation of ONOE.

- Addressing federalism concerns and maintaining state governments' autonomy and independence.

- Ensuring that recurrent elections and state-specific demands are not compromised.

- To prevent a biassed democratic structure.

V. Outline of the Prospective Way Forward

- Building consensus among diverse stakeholders for implementing simultaneous elections.

- Making necessary amendments to the Constitution and related Acts and Procedures.

- Ensuring substantial investment in electoral infrastructure and technology.

- Creating a legal framework to handle unexpected situations arising during the simultaneous election cycle.

- Engaging in a massive awareness campaign to make voters understand the process, advantages, and challenges of simultaneous elections.